Past simple правила
Past Simple – це час англійської мови. Він використовується для позначення дій, які відбулися в певний час в минулому і вже завершились.
Наприклад: Yesterday I bought a dress. – Вчора я купила сукню.
Past Simple будова
Як утворюється Past Simple?
Стверджувальні речення (Affirmative sentences)
Стверджувальне речення в минулому простому часі (Past Simple) утворюється за допомогою додавання закінчення -ed до дієслова, якщо воно правильне (play – played) або використання другої форми дієслова, якщо воно неправильне (go – went).
Таблицю неправильних дієслів можна знайти на сайті.
Формула: іменник+дієслово (+ed або II форма).
I played football on Monday.
You played football on Monday.
He, she, it played football on Monday.
We played football on Monday.
You played football on Monday.
They played football on Monday.
або
I ate pizza yesterday.
You ate pizza yesterday.
He, she, it ate pizza yesterday.
We ate pizza yesterday.
You ate pizza yesterday.
They ate pizza yesterday.
Слово “ate” є другою формою від слова “eat” – “їсти”.
Past simple заперечення
(Negative sentences)
Щоб утворити заперечне речення в минулому простому часі (Past Simple) потрібно додати допоміжне дієслово did із часткою not (скорочена форма didn’t) перед дієсловом. В заперечних реченнях дієслово вживається в початковій формі.
Формула: іменник + did+ not+ дієслово
I didn’t (did not) know about it.
You didn’t (did not) know about it.
He, she, it didn’t (did not) know about it.
We didn’t (did not) know about it.
You didn’t (did not) know about it.
They didn’t (did not) know about it.
Past simple питання
(Interrogative sentences)
Щоб утворити питання в минулому простому часі (Past Simple), потрібно допоміжне дієслово did поставити на початок речення. Дієслово в питальних реченнях вживається у початковій формі.
Формула: Did + іменник + дієслово?
Did I know that?
Did you know that?
Did he, she, it know that?
Did we know that?
Did you know that?
Did they know that?
Короткі відповіді (Short answers)
yes, I did.
yes, you did.
yes, he, she, it did.
yes, we did.
yes, you did.
yes, they did.
no, I didn’t (did not)
no, you didn’t (did not)
no, he, she, it didn’t (did not)
no, we didn’t (did not)
no, you didn’t (did not)
no, they didn’t (did not)
Past simple маркери часу
-
- last month – минулого місяця
- yesterday – вчора
- in 2004 – у 2004 році
- 2 hours ago – дві години тому.
Відео на вивчення Past Simple
Past simple вправи
Вправа 1. Поставте дієслова в наступних реченнях в стверджувальну, питальну і заперечну форми Past Simple.
1. I (to do) morning exercises.
2. He (to work) at a factory.
3. She (to sleep) after dinner.
4. We (to work) part-time.
5. They (to drink) tea every day.
6. Mike (to be) a student.
7. Helen (to have) a car.
8. You (to be) a good friend.
9. You (to be) good friends.
10. It (to be) difficult to remember everything.
Вправа 2. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова в Past Simple.
1. Alice (to have) a sister.
2. Her sister’s name (to be) Ann.
3. Ann (to be) a student.
4. She (to get) up at seven o’clock.
5. She (to go) to the institute in the morning.
6. Jane (to be) fond of sports.
7. She (to do) her morning exercises every day.
8. For breakfast she (to have) two eggs, a sandwich and a cup of tea.
9. After breakfast she (to go) to the institute.
10. Sometimes she (to take) a bus.
11. It (to take) her an hour and a half to do her homework.
12. She (to speak) English well.
13. Her friends usually (to call) her at about 8 o’clock.
14. Ann (to take) a shower before going to bed.
15. She (to go) to bed at 11 p. m.
Вправа 3. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова в Past Simple.
1. My working day (to begin) at six o’clock.
2. I (to get) up, (to switch) on the TV and (to brush) my teeth.
3. It (to take) me about twenty minutes.
4. I (to have) breakfast at seven o’clock.
5. I (to leave) home at half past seven.
6. I (to take) a bus to the institute.
7. It usually (to take) me about fifteen minutes to get there.
8. Classes (to begin) at eight.
9. We usually (to have) four classes a day.
10. I (to have) lunch at about 2 o’clock.
Вправа 4. Використовуйте слова в дужках для утворення речень в Past Simple. Зверніть увагу, в якій формі має стояти речення (стверджувальне, питальне або заперечне).
1) They _____ football at the institute. (To play)
2) She _____ emails. (Not / to write)
3) ____ you____ English? (To speak)
4) My mother ____ fish. (Not / to like)
5) ____ Ann ____ any friends? (To have)
6) His brother _____ in an office. (To work)
7) She ___ very fast. (Can not / to read)
8) ____ they ____ the flowers every 3 days? (To water)
9) His wife _____ a motorbike. (Not / to ride)
10) ____ Elizabeth_____ coffee? (To drink)
Вправа 5. Вставте дієслово “to be” в необхідній формі Past Simple.
1. I … a student.
2. My father … not a shop-assistant, he … a scientist.
3. … your aunt a nurse? – Yes, she ….
4. … they at home? – No, they … not. They … at school.
5. … you an engineer? – Yes, I ….
6. … your friend a photographer? No, she … not a photographer, she … a student.
7. … your brothers at school? – Yes, they ….
8. … this her watch? – Yes, it ….
9. Max … an office-worker.
10. We … late, sorry!
Past simple вправи на переклад
Вправа 6. Перекладіть на англійську мову:
1. Вона була зайнята. (To be busy)
2. Я не був зайнятий.
3. Ви були зайняті?
4. Вони були вдома? (To be at home)
5. Його не було вдома.
6. Я не знав.
7. Вони знали?
8. Вона не знала.
9. Хто знав?
10. Ніхто не знав.
11. Він читав англійські книги? (To read English books)
12. Вони ніколи не читали. (Never / to read)
13. У неї була квартира? (To have a flat)
14. У нього нічого не було.
15. Хто це був?
Правильні відповіді:
Вправа 1. 1 – did, 2 – worked, 3 – slept, 4 – worked, 5 – drank, 6 – was, 7 – had, 8 – were, 9 – were, 10 – was.
Вправа 2. 1 – had, 2 – was, 3 – was, 4 – got, 5 – went, 6 – was, 7 – did, 8 – had, 9 – went, 10 – took, 11 – took, 12 – spoke , 13 – called, 14 – took, 15 – went.
Вправа 3. 1 – began, 2 – got, switched, brushed, 3 – took, 4 – had, 5 – left, 6 – took, 7 – took, 8 – began, 9 – had, 10 – had.
Вправа 4. 1 – played, 2 – did not (= did not) write, 3 – Did (you) speak, 4 – did not (= did not) like, 5 – Did (Ann) have, 6 – worked , 7 – could not (= could not) read, 8 – Did (they) water, 9 – did not (= did not) ride, 10 – Did (Elizabeth) drink.
Вправа 5. 1 – was, 2 – was, was, 3 – Was, was, 4 – Were, were, were, 5 – Were, was, 6 – Was, was, was, 7 – Were, were, 8 – was , was, 9 – was, 10 – were.
Вправа 6. 1 – She was busy, 2 – I was not busy, 3 – Were you busy ?, 4 – Were they at home ?, 5 – He was not at home, 6 – I did not know, 7 – Did they know ?, 8 – She did not know, 9 – Who knew ?, 10 – No one (= nobody) knew, 11 – Did he read English books ?, 12 – They never read, 13 – Did she have a flat ?, 14 – He did not have anything (= He had nothing), 15 – Who was it?
Super